Introduction

Achieving enduring trustworthiness of cyberspace requires new paradigms that re-balance security asymmetries of today’s landscape: the cost of simultaneously satisfying all the requirements of an ideal cybersecurity solution in a static system is impossibly high, and so we must enable sub-spaces in cyberspace to support different security policies and different security services for different types of interactions; the cost of attack is asymmetric, favoring the attacker, and so defenders must increase the cost of attack and must employ methods that enable them to continue to operate in the face of attack; the lack of meaningful metrics and economically sound decision making in security misallocates resources, and so we must promote economic principles that encourage the broad use of good cybersecurity practices and deter illicit activities.

Agencies of the Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program have identified R&D themes to exemplify and motivate future Federal cybersecurity research activities:

• Tailored Trustworthy Spaces
• Moving Target
• Designed-In Security
• Cyber Economic Incentives
• Science of Security